病気

びょうき
illness
disease
sickness

* * *

びょうき【病気】

〔やまい， 疾病， 疾患， 患い， 急患， 重病， 発病， 治療〕

*sickness

〖U〗(［種類］ 〖C〗) 病気(であること)《◆病名のはっきりしたものは disease》

a slight ［light， minor］ sickness 軽い病気

in sickness and in health 健康な時も病気の時も

His sickness may have its root in overwork. 彼の病気は過労に原因があるのかもしれない.

*illness

〖U〗 病気(の状態)(⇔health)；〖C〗 (特定の)病気

She was absent from school because of illness. 彼女は病気のために学校を休んだ(＝... because she was ill. )

diagnose his illness as a rare liver disease ［flu］ 彼の病気をめずらしい肝臓病［インフルエンザ］と診断する

struggle with illness 病気と戦う.

*disease

/dizíːz/ 〖U〗〖C〗(人・動物・植物の)病気， 疾病(^しっぺい)， 疾患《◆ illness， 《米》sickness に対し， 病名のはっきりした病気をいう》(⇔health)

foot ［mouth］ disease 足［口］の病気

cure a patient of a disease 患者の病気を治す

There is no sure remedy against the disease. その病気を確実に治す薬はない

It is said ［They say］ that the disease has been spreading. その病気は蔓延(^まんえん)しつつあるそうだ.

*disorder

〖U〗〖C〗《正式》(心身機能の)不調， 異常， 障害；(軽い)病気

stomach disorder 胃の病気.

**trouble

〖U〗〖C〗［複合語で］ 病気《◆ disease の遠回し語》

heart trouble 心臓の病気.

▲She has passed the crisis (point). 彼女の病気は峠を越した

The patient had ［suffered］ a relapse during the night. 患者は夜中に病気がぶり返した.

¶ → 病気手当

◇ → 病気の

* * *

びょうき【病気】

1 〔疾病〕 (a) sickness; (an) illness; (a) disease; 《文》 a malady; an infirmity; 〔軽症の〕 (an) indisposition; an ailment; 〔局部の〕 《stomach》 trouble; a complaint; a disorder; an affection 《of the joints》; 〔医療用語〕 a case.

●体[心]の病気 (a) bodily [mental] illness; (a) physical [psychological] disease

・血液の病気 (a) blood disease; a disease of the blood

・内蔵の病気 a disease of the internal organs

・重い病気 a serious [severe] illness [disease]; a disease of a serious nature

・軽い病気 a slight [minor] illness; a slight indisposition; a minor ailment

・怖い病気 a dangerous disease; a (potentially) threatening disease; 《口》 a scary disease

・難しい病気 a difficult disease (to treat); a complicated disease

・子供に多い病気 a disease which is common in children; a disease incident to children [childhood]

・男性[女性]特有の病気 a disease peculiar to men [women]; a disease that only men [women] get.

●病気がちの sickly; weak; invalid; 《a person》 inclined to ill health

・病気上がりの convalescent; 《a person》 just recovering from an illness; 《口》 《sb》 on the mend

・病気持ちである have [suffer from, 《文》 be afflicted with] a regular health problem.

●病気がよくなる 〈人が主語〉 get better; recover 《from…》; get over [shake off] 《a cold》; be on the mend; 〈病気が主語〉 go; get better; leave sb

・病気が悪くなる 〈人が主語〉 get [grow] worse; 〈病気が主語〉 get worse

・病気が治る 〈人が主語〉 recover from (a) disease; get over an illness; get cured; get well; be restored to health; 〈病気が主語〉 a disease goes [gets better, disappears]

・病気が進行する get [grow] worse; worsen; develop

・健康診断で病気が見つかった. The disease [A problem] was discovered during a checkup. | During a health inspection they discovered there was something wrong 《with me》.

・病気が軽い one's illness is not serious; there is nothing seriously wrong with one; 〈人が主語〉 be only slightly [be not seriously] ill

・病気が重い one's illness is serious; one's condition is critical [life-threatening]; 〈人が主語〉 be very [seriously, critically] ill; be in a critical condition

・病気が重くなった. The illness became serious [worsened]. | The patient's condition deteriorated.

・病気がかなり進んでいる 〈人が主語〉 be in a fairly serious condition; 《口》 be pretty far gone; 〈病気が主語〉 be [have become] fairly serious [pretty bad]; have reached a fairly advanced stage

・こんな天気の日には病気が出やすい. 〔発症〕 My old complaints tend to act up on days when the weather is like this.

・母から子に病気がうつった. The child caught the disease from its mother. | The child was infected in the womb.

・これ以上病気が進むと手術が必要になる. If the disease [condition] gets any worse [develops any further], surgery will be necessary. | If there is any further deterioration (in the patient's condition), we will have to operate.

・この地域に不可解な病気が発生している. A mysterious disease has broken out [There is a strange sickness] in the district.

・新しい病気がはやり始めた. A new [An unknown] disease has started spreading [going around].

●病気で寝ている be ill [sick] in bed; 〔一時〕 be laid up with 《flu》; 〔寝たきりである〕 be bedridden

・病気でこもっている be confined to one's bed with 《flu》

・病気で休んでいる 〔欠勤〕 be off work (for health reasons); do not go to [be not at] work because one is sick; 〔手続きをふんだ長期の〕 be on sick leave [the sick list]; 〔欠席〕 be absent [do not go to class] because one is ill [for health reasons]; miss a class because one is sick; 〔休業〕 be closed for health reasons

・病気で死ぬ die of (a) sickness [illness, disease]; die from (a) disease; be killed by (a) disease; succumb to (a) disease (and die); 〔変死でなく〕 die a natural death; die in one's bed

・病気で倒れる be struck [incapacitated] by (a) disease; succumb to (a) disease 《and go into hospital》; come down with an illness

・病気で衰弱する grow weak from [with] sickness; be weakened by (a) disease

・私は病気で 1 週間休暇を取っていた. I was away sick [on sick leave] for a week. | I took a week off because I was sick.

●病気と闘う 〔本人が〕 struggle with [battle] a disease; 〔現代医学･科学者など〕 combat [fight] a disease

・病気とうまくつきあう (learn to) live with [accept, deal with] (a) disease [one's condition, ill health].

●病気になる[かかる, 冒される] get [grow] ill [sick]; get [develop] a complaint; go down with 《flu》; 〔急に〕 fall [be taken] ill [sick]; be seized with a disease [an illness]; 〔犠牲になる〕 fall a victim to a disease

・病気に感染する catch [contract, get, get infected with] an illness

・病気に堪える put up with [accept, bear] one's illness

・病気に打ち勝つ survive [overcome, get over] an illness

・病気に診断名がつく 〔患者が〕 get an illness diagnosed; get one's condition diagnosed 《as…》; get a diagnosis 《of a condition》; 〔医者が〕 make a diagnosis

・飲み[働き]すぎて病気になる make oneself ill by drinking too much [working too hard]

・病気に負ける be defeated by one's disease; succumb to a disease; fail to overcome a disease

・病気に効く be effective in treating a disease [in cases of 《rheumatism》, for 《gout》]

・病気に有効な手段 steps [measures] which are effective in treating [dealing with, tackling] (a) disease

・病気に抵抗できるだけの体力 sufficient strength to fight [not to succumb to] a disease

・私は皮膚の病気にかかりやすい. I tend to get [often develop] skin problems. | I am liable to skin complaints.

・あなたの体は病気に強い[弱い]. You don't get [get] sick easily.

・病気には勝てない. You can't defeat illness. | Illness wins in the end.

●病気のため because of [due to, owing to] sickness [ill health]; for reasons of health; for health reasons; because one is sick [ill, unwell]

・病気の治りが速い 〔病気が〕 do not last long; 《文》 be of short duration; 〔人が〕 get better soon; recover quickly

・病気の進行を食い止める control a disease; check [stop] (the development of) a disease; stop a disease (getting worse); stop a disease in its tracks

・病気の流行を抑止する prevent an epidemic 《of flu》; stop [prevent] a disease spreading [the spread of a disease]; get an epidemic under control

・彼は病気の旨届け出た. He reported sick.

・あの人は病気のデパートだ. He is a storehouse of diseases.

・君は丈夫だから病気のほうから逃げていくんだな. You're tough, so it's the diseases that avoid you.

●病気を治す cure a disease; cure sb of a disease; 《口》 make sb better

・病気を診断する diagnose a disease; make [give] a diagnosis 《of…》

・病気を治療する treat a disease

・病気を装う pretend to be sick [ill]; pretend that one is ill; feign [sham, pretend] illness

・病気を口実にする use illness as an excuse; say that one is ill; plead illness (as an excuse)

・病気を予防する prevent [stave off] a disease

・病気を背負う have [suffer from, 《文》 be afflicted with] a disease

・病気を見舞う ask [inquire] after sb's health; visit sb on his sickbed

・病気をこじらせる make a disease [condition] worse; aggravate [complicate] a disease; 〔患者が〕 develop complications

・医者に行かなかったので病気をこじらせ, 結局入院するはめになった. I didn't go to a doctor, so the condition got worse [I developed complications] and eventually had to go into hospital.

・病気をうつす infect sb (with a disease); give sb a disease; pass on a disease 《to one's partner》; 《文》 transmit [communicate] a disease (to sb)

・病気をもらう get [catch, be given] a disease; get [be, become] infected 《by…》; get [catch] an infection 《from…》

・病気を拾う pick up an infection [a disease]

・病気を外から持ってくる bring [carry] (a) disease into 《one's family》

・病気を放っておく neglect [do not do anything about] a disease; let a disease take its own course

・彼は重大な病気を抱えている. He has [is suffering from] a serious disease. | He is seriously ill [sick].

・私はこれといった病気を一度もしたことがない. I've never been really ill [had any serious health problems].

・この 2 週間ちょっと病気をしていた. I have been a little [slightly] ill for the past two weeks. | I haven't been very well [have been a little unwell] these last two weeks.

・彼女は病気を押して出席した. She attended (the meeting) in spite of ill health [her illness].

・医者は病気を診るのではない, 病人を診るのだ. Doctors don't treat the disease; they treat the patient [whole person].

●彼女は病気だ. She is ill [sick, unwell, in bad health]. | She's not well. | 《文･婉曲》 She is indisposed.

・お父さまのご病気はいかがですか. How is your father? | Is your father any better?

・病気は治らなかった. He [She] didn't recover.

・この病気は長引くと怖い. This disease is dangerous if recovery is delayed.

・彼の病気は薬ですぐに治った. Drugs cured him in no time. | He got rid of the condition quickly with medicine.

・ここ数年病気づいてしまった. For the last few years I've been afflicted with all kinds of complaints. | I've been ill a lot over the last few years.

2 〔悪い癖〕 a bad habit; 〔改善しないこと〕 an incurable habit.

●彼には借金を繰り返す病気がある. He is always borrowing money(; it's like a disease).

・また例の病気が始まった. He's started [He is at it] again. | There she goes again. | You're incurable.

●怠けるのが彼の病気だ. His problem is laziness. | He is pathologically lazy.

・釣りがあの人の病気だ. He has an incurable passion for fishing. | He's an inveterate fisherman [angler].

・彼のマニアぶりはほとんど病気だ. He is practically pathological about his hobby. | His hobby is like a disease.

・彼女の酒は病気だから治らない. Her drinking is incurable; there's nothing you can do about it.

病気休暇 sick leave.

●病気休暇で休んでいる be on sick leave.

病気欠席 absence on account of [due to] illness. [⇒びょうけつ]

病気疲れ 〔病後の疲労〕 post-sickness exhaustion.

病気届 reporting (that one is) sick.

病気見舞い a visit to [an inquiry after] a sick person.

●彼女が病気見舞いにこの花をくれた[送ってくれた]. She gave [sent] me these flowers to cheer me up [as a get-well present].

・病気見舞いの葉書[品, 手紙] a get-well card [gift, letter]

・病気見舞いをする inquire [ask] after a sick person; visit sb on his sickbed.